Epistemic theories of truth
What is truth? How to know that a proposition is true?
Verificationist approaches:
A-priorism / Certainty theory – a proposition is true iff it is known with certainty or can be proven.
Positivism – a proposition is true iff it is verifiable by sensory experiences.
Perspectivist/relativist approaches:
Individualist perspectivism (This is my truth!)
Collectivist perspectivism – the proposition is true based on a consensus of a relevant group (e.g., scientific community, proletariat, authority, oppressed minorities).
Transcendental perspectivism – the truth-conferring perspective is outside of immediate human reach (e.g., God or Nature).
Pragmatic approaches:
Completed science (limit of scientific inquiry) – the proposition is true iff it will be accepted in the long run by scientists using scientific ration inquiry.
Epistemology is the branch of philosophy concerned with knowledge- e.g.,
the nature, origin, and scope of knowledge, epistemic justification, the rationality of belief, and various related issues.