המתנמ

Frequency illusion (Baader-Meinhof phenomenon) – I just learned something and now I see it everywhere. Confirmation bias - favoring the information that strengthens prior personal beliefs. Anchoring – bias of the conclusion towards the initial piece of the provided information Naïve realism - I see the world objectively, while those who disagree with me must be uninformed, irrational, or biased.

We find stories and patterns even in sparse data. Pareidolia – The tendency to find non-existing patterns or meanings. למשל פנים של בני אדם בצורה של משטח שצולם במאדים

השלישי זה Halo effect

שמעוז חתיך אז הוא גם חכם

התשובה האחרונה היא יותר Naive realism וקשורה ל-information overload. השלושה הראשונים קשורים ל-Lack of sufficient meaning: We find stories and patterns even in sparse data. Pareidolia – The tendency to find non-existing patterns or meanings. Gambler's fallacy We fill in characteristics from stereotypes, generalities, and prior histories whenever there are new specific instances or gaps in information. Stereotyping - Placebo effect - We imagine things and people we’re familiar with or fond of as better than things and people we aren’t familiar with or fond of. Halo effect – assumption of positive features based on other irrelevant positive features.

The necessity to act fast - categories In order to act, we need to be confident in our ability to make an impact and to feel like what we do is important. Barnum (or Forer) effect – assumption that a vague and general description is tailored specifically to me ( e.g. astrology)

In order to act, we need to be confident in our ability to make an impact and to feel like what we do is important. Dunning-Kruger effect : Incompetent people tend to overestimate their competence. Highly competent people tend to underestimate their competence.

In order to stay focused, we favor the immediate, relatable thing in front of us over the delayed and distant. Identifiable victim effect – people help/pity a specific individual in need, more than if this individual is a part of a group.

In order to get anything done, we’re motivated to complete things that we’ve already invested time and energy in. Sunk cost fallacy – the tendency to keep loosing money on a failed project because of a large previous investment.

In order to avoid problems, we’re motivated to preserve our autonomy and status in a group, and to avoid irreversible decisions. Maslow's hammer (law of the hammer) - "If the only tool you have is a hammer, it is tempting to treat everything as if it were a nail."